८.९: १३९.१३-सम्योगःसम्युक्तप्रत्ययनिमित्तम् । सचद्रव्यगुणकर्महेतुः । द्रव्यारम्भेनिरपेक्षस्तथाभवतीतिसापेक्षेभ्योनिरपेक्षेभ्यश्चेतिवचनात्। गुणकर्मारम्भेतुसापेक्षःसम्युक्तसमवायादग्नेर्वैशेषिकमितिवचनात् ।
Conjunction forms the basis of the idea of two things being ‘joined together. It is the cause of Substances, Qualities and Actions, In the producing of Substances, it functions independently as is declared in the Sutra.—1 Sapekshebhyo nirapekshebhyashcha’.
In the producing of Qualities and Actions however, it is dependent upon other
things ; as declared in the sutra—‘Samyuktasamavayat agnervaisheshikam’ (X—ii—5 to 7 ; I i-27, 29, V—i—1 to 6, 10, 14, 17, V”—ii—1,5, 6, S, 15).
८.९: १३९अथकथंलक्षणःकतिविधश्चेति ।
Question What is the nature of Conjunction, and how many kinds of it are there?
अप्राप्तयोःप्राप्तिःसम्योगःसचत्रिविधःन्यतरकर्मजःुभयकर्मजःसम्योगजश्च। तत्रान्यतरकर्मजःक्रियावतानिष्क्रियस्य ।
Answer : Conjunction consists in the coming together of two things that were lying apart from one another. It is of three kinds ; (1) Brought about by the
action of one of the two things coming together. (2) brought about by the action of both, and (3) brought about by another Conjunction. That
of the first kind is possible only in the case of an active object coming in contact with an inactive one;
८.९: १३९यथास्थाणोःश्येनेन्नविभूनाम्चमूर्त्तैः । उभयकर्मजोविरुद्धदिक्क्रिययोःसन्निपातः । यथामल्लयोर्मेषायोर्वा।
eg. the contact of the pole with the kite alighting upon it; and that of material objects with the omnipresent substances. As an instance of Conjunction of the second kind, we have the collision of two things moving in from opposite directions and with contrary actions—eg the coming together of two Wrestlers, or of two fighting rams.
८.९: १३९सम्योगजस्तूत्पन्नमात्रस्यचिरोत्पन्नस्यवानिष्क्रियस्यकारणसम्योगिभिरकारणैःकारणाकारणसम्योगपूर्वकःकार्याकार्यगतःसम्योगः ।
Conjunction of the third kind we find it in case of an object that has just been produced, or that which has been in existence for a long time, coming in contact with its immaterial causes, which latter are in contact with the material cause,—this Conjunction being that of the effect with the cause, preceded ( and brought about) by the Conjunction of the material and immaterial causes.
८.९: १४०.२-सचैकस्माद्द्वाभ्याम्बहुभ्यश्चभवति । एकस्मात्तावत्तन्तुवीरणसम्योगात्द्वितन्तुकवीरणसम्योगः।
This Conjunction proceeds from one or two or many Conjunctions. As an instance of one born of one Conjunction, we have the Conjunction of the double thread with the Virana,, brought about by that of the single thread with the virana.
द्वाभ्याम्तन्त्वाकाशसम्योगाभ्यामेकोद्वितन्तुकाकाशसम्योगः। बहुभ्यश्चतन्त्तुरीसम्योगेभ्यएकःपटतुरीसम्योगः ।
The Conjunction born of two Conjunctions is that of the double thread with Akasha, produced by the two Conjunctions of the threads with the Akasha, As the Conjunction born of many Conjunctions is that of the cloth with the thread, produced by the Conjunctions of the several threads with the pata.
८.९: १४०एकस्माच्चद्वयोरुत्पत्तिः । कथम् । यदापार्थिवाप्ययोरण्वोःसम्योगेसत्यन्येनपार्थिवेनपार्थिवस्यान्येनाप्येनचाप्यस्ययुगपत्सम्योगौभवतस्तदाताभ्याम्सम्योगाभ्याम्पार्ह्तिवाप्येद्व्यणुकेयुगपदारभ्येते ।
A single Conjunction also, in certain cases, gives rise to two Conjunctions. How? Tell me.
When there is a contact of the atom of earth with that of water, and there comes about a contact of that earth-atom with another earth-atom, and also of that water-atom with another water-atomy then these two Conjunctions simultaneously bring about two diads—one of earth and another of water;
८.९: १४०ततोयस्मिन्कालेद्व्यणुकयोःकारणगुणपूर्वक्रमेणरूपाद्युत्पत्तिःतस्मिन्नेवकालेइतरेतरकारणाकारणगतात्सम्योगादितरेतरकायाकार्यगतौसम्योगौयुगपदुत्पद्येते। किम्कारणम् ।
and then, at the time that there appear, in the two diads, their respective color & c in accordance with those those residing in their cause, there appear simultaneously, the two Conjunctions inhering in the cause and effect, from out of the mutual Conjunction of their material and immaterial causes. (VII—Li—9.)
Question : What is the reason for all this ? ”
८.९: १४०कारणसायोगिनाह्यकारणेनकार्यमवश्यम्सम्युज्यतेइतिन्यायःतःपार्थिवम्द्व्यणुकम्कारणसम्योगिनाप्येनाणुनासम्बद्ध्यतेआप्यमपिद्व्यणुकम्कारण्सम्योगिनापार्थिवेनेति ।
Answer : Even with that which is not a cause, if it happens to be in contact with the cause, the effect becomes connected,,—such is the law ; And it is for this reason that the Earth-Diad becomes connected with the Aqueous Diad in contact with the cause of the former,—and so also does the Aqueous diad become connected with the Earth-diad.
८.९: १४०अथद्व्यणुकयोरितरेतरकारणाकारणसम्बद्धयोःकथम्परस्परतःसम्बन्धैति। तयोरपिसम्योगजाभ्याम्सम्योगाभ्याम्सम्बन्धैति। नास्त्यजःसम्योगोनित्यपरिमण्डलवत्पृथगनभिधानात्।
Question: “The two diads being connected with the each other’s cause and non-cause, how do they come to be related to each other ? **
Answer : Their relationship is due to the Contacts produced by Contacts, There is no Contact or Conjunction that is not born of a cause; as no such eternal unborn thing as Conjunction has been separately postulated like the parimandala.
८.९: १४०यथाचतुर्विधम्परिमाणमुत्पाद्यमुक्त्वाहनित्यम्परिमण्डलमित्येवमन्यतरकर्मजादिसम्योगमुत्पाद्यमुक्त्वापृथङ्नित्यम्ब्रूयान्नत्वेवमब्रवीत्तस्मान्नास्त्यजःसम्योगः ।
That is to say, having spoken of the four kinds of Dimension as ‘produced’ the author has added—the parimandala is eternal and so if he had meant the same in regard to Conjunction, he must have spoken of as ‘produced by the action, of one or other of the things in contact and then he should have mentioned the ‘ eternal Conjunction separately. This however he has not done ; and hence we conclude that there is no unborn, eternal Conjunction.
८.९: १४१.३-परमाणुभिराकाशादीनाम्प्रदेशवृत्तिरन्यतरकर्मजःसम्योगः। विभूनाम्तुपरस्परतःसम्योगोनास्तियुतसिद्ध्यभावात् ।
The Conjunction of atoms with Akash & c exists only in one portion of those latter; and is brought about by the action of one or the other. There is no mutual Conjunction among all-pervading things themselves; as they have no separate existence ( apart from one another), ‘
८.९: १४१सापुनर्द्वयोरन्यतरस्यवापृथग्गतिमत्त्वम्पृथगाश्रयाश्रयित्वम्चेति । विनाशस्तुसर्वस्यसम्योगस्यैकार्थसमवेताद्विभागात्क्वचिदेस्रयविनाशादपि। कथम् ।
Separate existence consists in one or both members having separate motion or distinct receptacle. The destruction of all conjunction is brought about by Disjunction inhering in one of the members: and sometimes also by the destruction of the substratum.
Question ; “How?”
८.९: १४१यदातन्त्वोःसम्योगेसत्यन्यतरतन्त्वारम्भकेअंशौकर्मोत्पद्यतेतेनकर्मणाअंश्वन्ततराद्विभागःक्रियतेविभागाच्चतन्त्वारम्भकसम्योगविनाशःसम्योगविनाशात्तन्तुविनाशस्तद्विनाशेतदाश्रितस्यतन्त्वन्तरसम्योगस्यविनाशैति ॥
When two threads are in contact with each Other, if a certain action appear in any part of either thread, this action disjoins that part from the other part of the thread ; this disjunction destroys the contact (of the thread particles) that went to make up the thread ; the destruction of this Conjunction destroys the thread ; and the destruction of the thread brings about the destruction of
the contact of the two threads which inhered in the thread destroyed.